Going from Kazakh to Mandarin Chinese (普通话) has a composite linguistic distance of 93% (heuristic estimate). Below is the dimension-by-dimension breakdown.
Shared vocabulary, cognates, and loanwords.
Morphology, syntax, word order, cases.
Shared sounds and phoneme inventory.
Cyrillic/Latin → Chinese
Turkic ↔ Sino-Tibetan
The 5 languages with the lowest linguistic distance from Kazakh:
A quick 3-question check between Kazakh and Mandarin Chinese. No signup.