Going from Mandarin Chinese to Kazakh (าะฐะทะฐาัะฐ) has a composite linguistic distance of 93% (heuristic estimate). Below is the dimension-by-dimension breakdown.
Shared vocabulary, cognates, and loanwords.
Morphology, syntax, word order, cases.
Shared sounds and phoneme inventory.
Chinese โ Cyrillic/Latin
Sino-Tibetan โ Turkic
The 5 languages with the lowest linguistic distance from Mandarin Chinese:
A quick 3-question check between Mandarin Chinese and Kazakh. No signup.